When couples face challenges in conceiving, fertility evaluation is required for both partners. While women undergo gynecological and hormonal assessments, the male partner’s fertility potential is evaluated primarily through a semen analysis.
At Patki Hospital, Kolhapur, we conduct advanced semen testing as per WHO guidelines to help couples identify causes of infertility and decide the most effective treatment plan.
What is Semen Analysis?
Semen analysis is a laboratory test that examines the quantity and quality of sperm in a man’s ejaculate. It helps doctors evaluate a man’s fertility potential and identify possible causes of infertility.
This test studies:
Sperm count (concentration)
Motility (movement)
Morphology (shape and structure)
Semen volume, pH, liquefaction time, and other parameters
Why is Semen Analysis Important?
Male infertility accounts for 40–50% of infertility cases.
Even if the female partner is healthy, abnormal semen parameters can make conception difficult.
Early semen analysis saves time, avoids unnecessary female treatments, and guides the right fertility solution (IUI, IVF, or ICSI).
Things to Keep in Mind Before Semen Analysis
To ensure accurate results, men should follow these guidelines before giving a semen sample:
Abstinence: Avoid ejaculation for 2–5 days before the test.
No alcohol or smoking: These can temporarily affect sperm quality.
Avoid fever or illness: Postpone the test for at least 2 weeks after fever.
Inform about medications: Some drugs can influence sperm count or motility.
Instructions for Semen Sample Collection
The sample is usually collected by masturbation into a sterile container provided by the lab.
Collection should be done on-site at the fertility center for accuracy.
If collected at home, the sample must be delivered within 30–45 minutes, kept at body temperature.
Avoid lubricants or condoms as they may damage sperm.
How is Semen Analysis Done?
The semen sample is processed and studied under a microscope and using advanced automated systems. Parameters evaluated include:
Volume: ≥1.5 ml (normal)
Concentration (sperm count): ≥15 million/ml
Motility: At least 40% moving, 32% progressively motile
Morphology: ≥4% normal forms
Vitality, pH, and liquefaction are also assessed
Current WHO Guidelines for Semen Analysis Report (2021 Reference Values)
| Parameter | WHO Lower Reference Value |
|---|---|
| Semen Volume | 1.5 ml or more |
| Sperm Concentration | 15 million/ml or more |
| Total Sperm Number | 39 million per ejaculate |
| Total Motility | 40% or more |
| Progressive Motility | 32% or more |
| Morphology (normal forms) | 4% or more |
Common Abnormalities in Semen Analysis
Oligospermia – Low sperm concentration (<15 million/ml).
Asthenospermia – Poor sperm motility (low movement).
Teratospermia – Abnormal sperm morphology (shape defects).
OAT Syndrome – Combination of Oligospermia, Asthenospermia, and Teratospermia (all three abnormalities together).
What is TMSF and Why is it Important?
TMSF (Total Motile Sperm Fraction) is the number of moving sperm available in a semen sample after analysis. It is calculated using semen volume, sperm concentration, and motility. TMSF is important because it helps doctors decide the right fertility treatment—higher values may allow natural conception, moderate levels may suit IUI, and lower counts often require advanced treatments like IVF or ICSI.
Conclusion
Semen analysis is a simple yet powerful test that provides crucial insights into male fertility. At Patki Hospital, Kolhapur, we follow the latest WHO guidelines and advanced laboratory techniques to ensure accurate results.
Whether you are planning a fertility evaluation, considering IUI/IVF, or simply want clarity about your reproductive health, our team is here to support you with expertise and compassion.
📞 Book an appointment today at Patki Hospital, Kolhapur, and take the first step toward parenthood.